By
far the saddest story on this memorial relates to the Ingram
family of Glapthorne. The two Ingram men were brothers and
CSM Maxwell Elderkin, D.C.M, M.M. was their half brother,
making the war an incredibly sad affair for Frederick and
Emma Ingram, their parents. To make matters worse, Emma
– having lost her first husband and three sons –
also lost her second husband in September 1921 aged just
53. She survived until 1936 and thankfully did not live
to see the second world war.
Cyril
and Henry Kirby were cousins, as were Arthur and John Underwood.
I have been unable to trace Millin Underwood, but in such
a small community the odds are that he was a brother to
one of the other Underwood men who fell in the war.
Company
Sergeant Major L/8667 Maxwell ELDERKIN, D.C.M., M.M.
1st
Battalion, the Queen’s (Royal West Surrey) Regiment
Maxwell
was born in South Kensington, London around
1887 but by 1890 his mother and brother Ernest lived in
Glapthorne. The 1901 census shows his mother and step father
were Emma Elizabeth and Frederick Ingram and they lived
with their two half brothers and two half sisters in Upper
Street, Glapthorne.
By
the time war broke out Maxwell was an “Old Contemptible”
Army regular who was married to Ellen Elderkin and lived
at Abinger Cottages, New
Cross Road, Stoughton
in Guildford.
During
his service in the Great War, Maxwell won a Military Medal
as well as the vaunted Distinguished Conduct Medal for gallantry.
Maxwell’s
Military Medal was gazetted on page 38 of Issue 29608 of
the London Gazette 2nd June 1916. Although the
citations have been destroyed it is likely that he won it
in the preceding two months, although I am unable to confirm
this.
His
Distinguished Conduct Medal was probably won during the
Arras
battles of April 1917. The citation is shown on page 40
of issue 30204 of the London Gazette dated 24th
July 1917 and reads:
“8667
C.S.M. M. Elderkin, R.W. Surr. R.
For
conspicuous gallantry and devotion to duty. He continually
organised bombing attacks and throughout was instrumental
in repelling hostile counter-attacks.”
John
Hamblin has been kind enough to forward me a very detailed
account of the action mentioning Sergeant Major Elderkin,
which is shown below and taken from the Divisional History.
For him to have been included by name he must have been
recognised as one of the more important men in the Battalion
as being mentioned in this way is unusual.
"An
attack was planned for the 23rd of April. In this attack the
98th Brigade to the north was ordered to force it's way
south down the Hindenburg Line, chiefly with bombs and make
a junction with the 100th Brigade in the Sesee valley; the
100th Brigade delivering a frontal attack upon the Hindenburg
Line. The attack was particularly difficult to carry out.
The Hindenburg Line consisted of a highly fortified front
and second line, with concrete machine gun emplacements,
some of them with two storeys, about every fifty yards along
it. Both lines were defended in front by strands of the
thickest wire to a depth of about 20 yards and were connected
by the most complete system of tunnels and dug outs that
has ever been seen in the history of warfare".
An
officer then serving with the 1st Queens
wrote:-
"Sunday
April 22nd. The battalion moved off to a position
of assembly in quarries half a mile north east of Croissilles,
east of the Sensee River.
They are to advance across 800 yards of open in the dark
and attack the Hindenburg Line on a front of about 400 yards
to the south of the Sensee River and to hold the line until
the 98th Brigade, who are attacking down the Hindenburg
Line from the north, have joined up; their right flank is
to be protected by two tanks. A mad scheme in my opinion
as if the 98th don't join up, they will be left in the middle
of the German line with both flanks in the air and it will
be impossible to get up reinforcements or ammunition until
dark. In addition the advance to within 200 yards of
the enemy in the dark is a most difficult and dangerous
operation; the wire in front of the enemy is very strong,
in three lines radiating from a centre, and only gaps have
been cut by artillery. Two companies of the KRRC are following
the battalion with bombs, ammunition etc."
The
battalion passed through Hamlincourt about 7.30pm on the
22nd and picked up extra ammunition and bombs near Judas
Farm and reached the place of assembly about 11.30pm; here
20 entrenching tools per company were distributed and hot
cocoa was served out, and at 3.30 am on the 23rd the Queens
moved on from the quarry to the position of deployment,
deploying on a front of 300 yards on tapes previously laid
down, 150 yards each side of the Croisilles-Fontaine Road.
The
first 2 waves were composed of D Company, Captain Brodhurst-Hill
on the right of the road, and A Company (2nd Lt Carpenter)
on the left with "mopping up" platoons of B and C companies
forming a third line to the first wave. The 3rd and 4th
waves moving at 50 yards intervals were made up of C and
B Companies on right and left under Captain Ball and
2nd Lt Holliday; the 2 companies of the KRRC attached composed
the 5th and 6th waves.
The
advance from the position of deployment was over 1,000 yards
of open country, along the valley of the Sensee
River,
which was only a trickle running in a water course
giving only a certain amount of cover, but commanded generally
from the high ground on either side. The front German trench
was protected by at least two rows of barbed wire radiating
from where the trench crossed the road, with more thick
wire between the 1st and 2nd lines. The German front line
trench was much knocked about, and for the most part not
more than four feet deep. It was enfiladed from the north.
At
20 minutes before zero hour, the force was to advance to
the line of a sunken road, crossing the Croisilles-Fontaine
Road, which had been picqueted during the night by the 2nd
Worcesters, and was to lie down there and wait for the barrage
to fall; this was to dwell for 8 minutes on the front line
and for 10 minutes on the 2nd line and then to continue
behind the 2nd line until 90 minutes after zero, by which
time it was expected that the 98th Brigade would have joined
up. D and A Companies of the Queens
were to cross the German first line and occupy and
consolidate the second line. C Company was to make
blocks on the right of the first line and form a defensive
flank along a communication trench; B was to do the same
on the left along the Sensee
River.
The KRRC companies were to form a central dump of bombs
etc. and occupy and consolidate the German first line;
the two tanks were to follow on the right of the attack
and work down the enemy's line towards the river.
The
Queens advanced at 4.15am and moved in good order to
the sunken road and there lay down to wait for zero - fixed
for 4.45am - without detection by the enemy, and then when
the attack began, they worked up to within 50 yards of the barrage,
entering the front trench with few casualties; this was
found to contain only a few of the enemy who were quickly
disposed of. The leading then went forward to the German
2nd line, but were now held up by very strong uncut
wire, and the barrage on lifting was taken too
far back and rested beyond, instead of on, the German 2nd
line and the Germans were consequently able to man
their parapet. Only a small party of A Company had managed
to reach the second line and the remainder of the attackers
took cover in the many shell holes between the 2 lines.
The
2 tanks which should have arrived by this time and
given material assistance at a critical moment, never turned
up, having broken down before zero.
Telephonic
communications with battalion headquarters was established
and maintained until 5.30am and communication was only possible
with runners.
In
the German first line on the right of the road two strong
points were captured and bombing parties pushed 100 yards
forward until held up by a third strong point and a double
block was made here and established; this was maintained
until 11am when the Germans made a determined attack with
rifle grenades and bombs., but they were driven back by
parties under Company Sergeant Major Elderkin.
On the left a block was at first made at the river, but
on the "box barrage" lifting the enemy attacked; he was
however repulsed by the use of rifle grenades and a party
under Corporal Spooner, following him up for 150 yards,
captured a concrete blockhouse and a machine gun; on
the enemy counter-attacking this was destroyed by a bomb
and a block was then made 50 yards from the blockhouse and
held until the end. The first line very soon became completely
filled with wounded men, and it became increasingly difficult
to pass bombs to the 5 different points where bombing was
incessant
At
5.08am 2nd Lt Holliday reported the first line taken, but
the second strongly held by Germans, while the tanks had
not arrived. At 5.25am 5 prisoners of the German 99th regiment
were passed back.
At
7.10am 2nd Lt Carpenter arrived at battalion headquarters
wounded and reporting that the front line companies were
running out of bombs; this was later confirmed by a message
from Capt Godfrey, timed at 6.45am, reporting the shortage
of bombs and Lewis Gun ammunition, and saying that
the situation was critical. During the next few hours parties
from the KRRC carried up nearly 1,500 bombs. Then at 10.10am
Capt Godfrey was able to send a better report - that the
advance of the 98th Brigade had relieved the pressure, and
although the casualties were heavy the men were cheery and
confident, - but bombs, more bombs were wanted. 2
hours later came news that the enemy were pressing the defence
with repeated bombing attacks, while the supply of bombs
were again running low, and now at 1.20pm the last lot of
800 bombs was sent up, but before the carrying party had
reached the front line the enemy had started strong bombing
attacks from 5 different positions and 25 minutes later
the Germans, having massed on the right, rushed the blocks
under a barrage of aerial torpedoes and rifle grenades,
the defenders supply of bombs having given out. The enemy
pressure on the right flank now forced a retirement here,
causing the cutting off of the men in the centre communication
trench.
Many
casualties occurred during this retirement, but the
men rallied at the battalion headquarters, which was
heavily shelled, and further losses incurred. Then at last,
at 8pm, orders were received to fall back to the railway
cutting near Judas Trench
Casualties
were 13 officers killed, wounded or missing out of
the 14 who began the attack, losses among the other ranks
were 26 killed 101 wounded and 308 missing. 7 of the
officers were reported as German prisoners of war.”
Having
survived three and a half years of the most dreadful war
in history, winning two gallantry medals in the process,
as well as promotion to Company Sergeant Major in one of
the original 1st Division units who had served
throughout the entire war, Maxwell Elderkin was finally
killed in action on the 12th April 1918, aged
30 during the Battle of Hazebrouck.
He
has no known grave but is remembered on panels 1 & 2
of the Ploegsteert Memorial to the missing.
Both
of his half brothers (Alfred and Frederick – see below)
also fell in the war, making their family the hardest hit
in the village. Alfred was killed within a month or two
of arriving in France in 1915 and Frederick lost his life
a few months before Maxwell.
Sergeant
C/6721 Joseph HOSTEAD
18th
Battalion, the Kings Royal Rifle Corps
Joseph
was born in Glapthorne around 1886, the son of John and
Kitty Hostead. In 1901 he lived in Lower
Street, Glapthorne along with
3 of his siblings where he was employed as an Agricultural
labourer.
By
the time war broke out Joseph was married to Violet Constance
Hostead and lived at 42 Kingswood Road in Goodmayes, Essex
and went to East Ham in London to enlist.
Having
survived the Somme battles
of 1916, he was killed in action on the 16th
June 1917, aged 29 during the Battle of Messines 1917.
Joseph
has no known grave but is remembered on Panels 51 &
53 of the Ypres (Menin
Gate) Memorial to the missing.
Private
3/10096 Alfred Victor INGRAM
1st
Battalion, the Northamptonshire Regiment
Alfred
was born in 1897 in Glapthorne, the son of Frederick and
Emma Elizabeth Ingram. Emma had been married before and
had two sons (Maxwell Elderkin, DCM, MM being one of them
– see above) and by 1901 Alfred also had another brother
and sister. The family lived in Upper
Street.
Alfred
was one of the first men to enlist when war broke out, having
served as a Reservist in the 3rd Battalion of the Northamptonshire
Regiment before 1914. He would have been in France
a matter of months when he died of wounds received whilst
in the trenches around Bethune, at CCS No.1 on the 3rd
July 1915. He was just aged 18.
He
is buried in grave I.D.23 at the Chocques
Military Cemetery
in France.
Alfred
was the first of three brothers to fall with his two older
brothers (Maxwell Elderkin and Frederick Ingram –
above and below respectively) being killed in 1917 and 1918.
Lance
Sergeant G/4539 Frederick Stafford
INGRAM
11th
Battalion, the Queen’s (Royal West Surrey) regiment
Frederick
was born in Glapthorne in 1890 and was the second of three
brothers to be killed in the war (see Maxwell Elderkin and
Alfred Ingram). When war broke out he enlisted immediately
from Oundle and was posted to his older brothers Regiment,
although in a different battalion.
Having
survived the massive Western Front battles of 1915, 1916
and 1917Killed in action on the 20th December
1917 whilst holding the line at the River Piave in Italy,
although the memorial says March 1917. Frederick
was 27 years old.
Buried
in grave 17, plot 6, row B at the Tezze British Cemetery,
Italy